pituitary stalks การใช้

• This triangle has optic nerves, cerebral arteries, the third cranial nerve, and the pituitary stalk.
• This can result in compression of the optic chiasm, which lies on top of the pituitary, enveloping the pituitary stalk.
• Here, the posterior pituitary is a simple flat sheet of tissue at the base of the brain, and there is no pituitary stalk.
• It is associated with a triad of exophthalmos, lytic bone lesions ( often in the skull ), and diabetes insipidus ( from pituitary stalk infiltration ).
• If originating superior to the optic chiasm, more commonly in a craniopharyngioma of the pituitary stalk, the visual field defect will first appear as bitemporal superior quadrantanopia.
• It ascends superiorly in the basilar sulcus ventral to the pons and divides at the ponto-mesencephalic junction into the paired posterior cerebral arteries close to the pituitary stalk.
• The exception to this rule is prolactin : if a tumor compresses the pituitary stalk, a decreased blood supply means that the lactotrope cells, which produce prolactin, are not receiving dopamine and therefore produce excess prolactin.
• The posterior lobe typically forms a sheet of tissue at the base of the pituitary stalk, and in most cases sends irregular finger-like projection into the tissue of the anterior pituitary, which lies directly beneath it.
• :; Pars tuberalis : The pars tuberalis, ( tubular part ), forms a part of the sheath extending up from the pars distalis which joins with the pituitary stalk ( also known as the infundibular stalk or "'infundibulum "'), arising from the posterior lobe . ( The pituitary stalk connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary ).
• :; Pars tuberalis : The pars tuberalis, ( tubular part ), forms a part of the sheath extending up from the pars distalis which joins with the pituitary stalk ( also known as the infundibular stalk or "'infundibulum "'), arising from the posterior lobe . ( The pituitary stalk connects the hypothalamus to the posterior pituitary ).
• Lactation requires the presence of prolactin, and the evaluation of galactorrhea includes eliciting a history for various medications or foods ( methyldopa, opioids, antipsychotics, serotonin reuptake inhibitors, as well as licorice ) and for behavioral causes ( stress, and breast and chest wall stimulation ), as well as evaluation for pregnancy, pituitary adenomas ( with overproduction of prolactin or compression of the pituitary stalk ), and hypothyroidism.